Internal-combustion-engine mixer.



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J. FQDLEK, OF CIHCAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNQR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0NTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIGNLENGINE MIXER.

Application tiled January 6, 1913.

Ta @El @rif om it may concern f it known that i, HENRY J. Pounnsn, acitizen of the `United States, residing at Chicagc, in the county ofCook and State of ois. have. invented certain new and useimprovements inlntermal-Combustioningine Mixers, of which the following is a full,clear. and exact specication.

This invention relates to'mixers for inf nal combustion engines, andmore pari'i icniarly to valve mechanisms and arrangements for suchmixers.

in the operation of engines using various kinds of oils for fuel,muchattention, of necessity, has to be given to the positioning and theadjustment of the valves which conf trol the supply of fuel, air, andwater, where water is used. Under certain operating conditions only asmall quantity of fuel is desired with little -or no water. Under otherconditions, a greater quantity of fuel and also a supply of water arerequired for the etiicient operation of an engine. The valves, such asvalves controlling the admission of fuel and also valves controlling theadmission of water, not only have to be positioned accurately withrespect to the supply nozzles, hutalso with respect to each other.Again, the different valves may be properly adjusted with respect toeach other for controlling the supply of the ingredients of an explosivemixture in proper proportion for certain conditions, but have to bereadjusted relatively to each other for other conditions.

It is, therefore, the object of my invention to providefor the supplyingof the different ingredients of an explosive mixture in the properproportions under. all and varying operating conditions so that anengine may operate at all times at highest eiiiciency under anyparticular conditions. This object is accomplished by providing a valvemechanism and arrangement which 4is adapted to he properly positionedand adjusted to meet the requirements of successful and eliicientcommercial oper ation under various conditions. f A

This invention is illustrated on the accompa-nylug7 sheet of drawings inwhich Figure 1 is a fragmentary view 'of an engine equipped witha mixerembodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional vi'ew of the same mixertaken in the plane of line 2 2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view ofthe same mixer taken in the plane of line 3-3 of Fig.

Specification of Letters Patent.

atented Aug. 1'?, 1915.

serial No. 740,450.

This invention is illustrated in connectionv with an internal combustionengine having a cylinder 10, secured to the end head 11 of which, is amixer 12 having a mixing cham'- ber 13, including a passageway 14through which fuel is adapted to flow, and a passageway 15 through whichwater isadapted to flow, said passageways being separated by a partition16. These two passageways 14 and 15 terminate in a single passageway 17where the fuel, air and water mix preparatory to passing into thecombustion chamber of the engine. Mounted on top ofthe mixlng chamber 12is a conduit 18 having an air passageway registering with the pas-Vsageways 1-1 and 15 in the mixing chamber 12. i i

Secured to one side of the mixing chamfuel reservoir is supplied fromany desired source through an inlet pipe 22, and the fuel in said fuelreservoir is maintained at a constant pressure by means of an overflowpipe having an outlet 23. In like manner, the water reservoir isprovided with a supply pipe 24 and overflow pipe having an outlet Fueland water are adapted to be drawn up from their respective reservoirsand out through their respective nozzles 26 and 2T when air passes downthrough the passageways 11 and 15 past said nozzles upon the occurrenceof each inhalation stroke of the piston of the gas engine. The fuelnozzle 26 which enters the mixing chamber at a lower level than thewater nozzle, is provided with a manually controlled needle valve 28,and the water nozzle is provided with a similar' manually -controlledneedle valve 29.

The mixing chamber 12 is mounted upon a casting 30 having a passagewaythrough which the hot exhaust gases the engine may pass to heat upthe-walls thereof after which the gases pass out through an enna ustpipe 31. Renio'vably. secured to the side of the casting 30 is aheater32 adapted to reber is a receptacle 19 having a fuel reservoir '20 andwaterreservoir 21. The fuel in the I ceive its heat from the casting 30.through y which the exhaust gases pass. Thls heater,

or preheater 32 as it may properly be called, is provided with apassagewa .through which the 'fuel and airpass an in which said fuel andair are thoroughly mixed, the

' fuel being thoroughly vaporized before passinvF therefrom to be mixedwith water. l

ounted upon a stem 34 extending through the mixing chamber V12 is a fuelcontrolling valve 35 located in the passage way 14 of the mixer, andalso mounted upon said stem 1s a water controlling valve 36 lmounted inthe passageway 15 of said mixer. l5v

These controlling valves 35 and 36 have integrally formed sleeves 37 and38 respectively, Each of' these valves is adjustably mounted upon thestem 34, the valves being not only adjustably mounted thereon but beingadjustable'with respect to each other.

Said valves 35a1id 36 may be secured to the stem 34 in any desiredposition by means,

for example, of set-screws 39 and 40. Of'

course, other means may be used for securing the valves to the stems sothat the valves may be adjusted with respect thereto, the set-screwsbeing shown merely as one means for accomplishing the desired result.v

The. valves can be adjusted while the engine is in operation due to thefact that they are so accessible. The stem 34 is provided with a head 41against which one end of the sleeve 38 abuts,` the other end 42 of thesleeve 38 abutting the other valve 35.`

The water controlling valve 36 is vided with a rounded portion 43 sothat the water supply from the water nozzle 27 can be cut on and olfgradually. The fuel controllin valve 35 is not only provided with a simiar rounded portion 44 for the same.

purpose, but is also provided with a notched portion 45 which, in oneposition, namely the closed position of said valve, embraces the fuelcontrolling nozzle 26. 'In this position, whatever air is drawn throughthe notched portion 45, of necessity has to pass the fuel nozzle 26,'thereby drawing theref from a charge of fuel. The fuel controllingnozzle preferably projects into the passage- Way 14. However, this isnot necessary for the reason that the notchedportion 45 of valve 35 can'be arranged to be opposite the fuel supplying port in'one position ofsaid valve to .limit the supply of fuel therefrom.

Secured to the valve stem 34 is an arm 46 connected to which is a link47, -which in turn is secured to an arm 48, the arm 48 being clamped toa stem 49 upon which is mounted a throttling valve 50. Also secured Vtothe arm 48 is a 'rod 51 which is adapted to be actuated by a speedgovernor, not shown, in accordance with operating conditions. In thisway the fuel, Water and throttling valves are actuated.

\ Vnder .ordinary full-load full-speed conditions the-valves are allfull open and air is drawn down through the passageways 14A and 15,drawing supplies of fuel and-water from the fuel and Water nozzles upon'each inhalation stroke of the piston of the engine. In this particularmixer the fuel and air pass down through the passageway 14, through thepreheater 32, where the air and fuel are thoroughly mixed and the latterthoroughly vaporized, after which Water is mixed with said vaporizedmixturein the passageway l?. Then all of the ingredients of theexplosive mixture pass the throttling.

valve 50 and into the combustion chamber o f the engine. 1f the loadshould be decreased, the speed thereby increased, all. of. the valvesthrough the agency of the speed governor would be moved. toward a closedposition, thereby decreasing the supply'of fuel, air, and'water. Underfriction load conditions the water controlling valve 36 is completelyclosed, preventing theadmission of any water, and the fuel controllingvalvey 35 is in a position shown by dotted lines in Fig. 3. In thisposition the notched'portion 45 of the fuel controlling valve 35`em ibraces the fuel nozzle 26, there being only a small clearance' betweenthe fuel nozzle and the notched portion of the valve to'permit vonly thepassage of a limi/ted supply of air but at a relatively high velocityfor drawing in a charge of fuel. As stated before, under friction loadconditions, thev watersupply is'completely shut off and a relativelyrich fuel charge supplied to thek combustion chamber, a richer mixturebeing needed undersuch light load conditions, for the reason that the'cor pression is low under-such light load or' friction load conditions.The water whenl supplied, as fis' well known, is for the purpose ofrendering the explosive mixture more lean and for prelona i,

venting pre-ignition of the explosive mix` ture. y

So far, the fuel controlling and water controlling valves have be'fnconsidered as being in certain fixed positions, but for various reasonsit may be desired to adjust either of the valves 35 lor 36 with respectto their supporting stem 34 or with respect to each other. For instance,it maybe desirable to adjust the water 1 controlling valve 36 soI thatthe water supply will be shut off sooner rise at heavier loads even tocause pre-igni-- tion; To overcome these violent explosions and possiblepre-ignition, it is necessary to4 further cool the walls of thecombustion chamber by what is lrnoivn as internally cooling; that is, byinjecting small quantities of ivater into the Working mixture drawn intothe combustion chamber as above set forth. ll-Then water is injectedinto the. explosive mixture Ywhen the engine is operating below tli yper cent. el its rated power, the eX- plosive mixture re-condenses,adheres to the walls of the combustion chamber causing the engineultimately to stop. These factsaie particularly true of enginesopera-ting in the temperate climates. lf the fuel controlling and Watercontrolling valves areproperly set for conditions in the temperateclimates in accordance with the above outline, the enivill Worksatisfactorily. Il, however,

the engine is to be used in a colder climate,-

or in the cold zones, it will be necessary for the water to be shut oilearlier. ln other words, the ivater controlling valve will have to beadjusted with respect to the fuel controlling valve so that said Watercontrolling vvalve will permit Water to be injected lintoy thecombustion chamber, only when the engine is operating at or above fifty.per cent. of its rated power. Again, if the engine is to he used in asouthern climate, the Water controlling valve should be adjusted so thatit will permit Water into the combustion chamber when the engine .isoperating at about twenty per cent. of its rated power. us the necessityo adjusting the valves peut to each other. Again, for eX- l puigiosesthe desirability of adm e 'valves with respect to each other` i,-pparente lent that the i'uel controlling and 'water controlling valvesmay be adjusted in various ways, and may be given various shapes.y andthat other arrangements and niorliiications may be made, and itis myintention to cover all such arrangements and iiiodilications which donot involve a -depai-ture from the spirit and scope of my inventioii asset forth 'in the appended claims.

What l claim as new is:

l.. In a mixer for internal combustion en* grincs, the combination of achamber having two passageivays through which fluids pass,

liquid supply means associated with said' passageways, a. controllingvalve in each iassageivsy, a stem' on which said valves are adjustablymounted,Y a throttle valve, and

gines, the combination of cn. an operative connection between all of theother, a valve controlling the admission of fuel from said fuel nozzle,a controlling the admission ci water from said water nozzle, and meansin commen on which said valves are ust-ably mounted.

ln a mixer for internal conl stion englues, the combination of a charmerhaving two passageivc-ys, a fuel supplying nozzle projecting into one ofsaid passagen'ays, a Water supplying nozzle entering se other passagewayat a point on 'the chamber higher than the fuel supplying nozzle a.valve having a notched 'portieri Y embrace said fuel supplying nozzlein. ie position to limit the suoply of fuel, f adauteil to el. ln a'mixer for intei l nilf-i tion 's I J3 e engines, the combination or a emeer, fuel supplying nozzle projecting into .said-'chani-- ber, a Watersupplying nozzle connected said chamber, and a controlling valve foreach nozzle, one oic said valves having a notched portion adapted toembrace said fuel supplying nozzle to limit the flouv therefrom.

5. ln a mixer for internal combustion engines, the combination of achamber, and Water supplying nozzles associated therewith, and acontrollingvalve oi each of said nozzles, one of said valves havingnotched portion adapted to embrace one of said noz'zlesvto limit theflou7 thereiroin.

G. ln a mixer for internal combustion engines, the combination of achamber, fuel and Water supplying nozzles entering said chamberatdifferent levels, and a controlling valve for each. ot' said nozzles,one of said valves having iztche i' ed to embrace the i'uel supp u limitthe flow therefrom, the other "i e ing below the level olf thesupplying;

Water therefrom.

7. In a mixer for internal combustion engines, the combination of avchamber, fuel and water supplying nozzles entering said chamber atdifferent levels, a controlling valve for each of said nozzles, one ofsaid valves having a notched 'portion adapte to vembrace the fuelsupplyingnozzle to limit the iiow therefrom, the other v below the levelof the 'water sup zle and adapted to prevent .the ii therefrom, and astein upon vali said valves is adjustablyinourt' j 8. n a mixer forinternal r i ve being 'L M will low the level of the Water supn'lyingnozzle' and adapted to preventv the ow of water therefrom, a stem uponwhlcheach of `said valves is adjustably mounted, and a throt .fuelsupplying nozzle entering one of said paSSageWayS, 'a water supplyingnozzle entering the other passageway at a higher level, a controllingvalve for each of said nozzles, one having a notched portion adapted toembrace said fuel supplying nozzle to'limit the flow therefrom, theother valve being adapted to alternately permit and prevent the fiow ofwater, a stem upon vwhich said valves are adjustably mounted, a

throttling valve in said outlet, and an operative connection between allof said valves.

v10. In "'a mixer for internal combustion engines, the combination of achamber, fuel and water controlling valves in said cham' ber, saidvalves having associated ports, one

of said valves having a notched portion which in one positionvof saidvalve is opposite one of said ports to limit thexsupply therefrom. v

11.' In al mixer for internal combustion engines, the combination of achamber hav'- lng Ytwo passageways, fuel and Water supplying membersassociated -withv dierent ing two passageways in the wall of one ofwhich is a fuel supplying port and in the wall of the other is awatersupplying port,

' a valve in one of said assa'rewa s for controlling the supply ofwater, and a valve in the other passageway for `controlling the supplyof fuel, the lattervalve having a notched portion which in one positionof vsaid valve is opposite said fuell supplying port to limit the supplytherefrom. Y

Chicago, Ill., Dec. 17, 1912. g In testimony whereof I affix mysignature, in thepresence of two witnesses.

- 1 HENRY J. PODLESKl Witnesses: A f

vJOHN KARMAzlN, 1WALTER DoRosI-I.

